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Tamil Nadu Civil Courts Act, 1873 – Section 13-A; Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 – Section 24(1)(a) – This appeal was filed to challenge the judgment and decree passed by the Principal Subordinate Court, Tiruppur in O.S.No.752 of 2010.

The respondent raised a preliminary objection regarding the maintainability of the appeal before the High Court, citing Section 13-A of the Tamil Nadu Civil Courts Act, 1873. According to this provision, appeals from decrees and orders of Subordinate Judges passed after the commencement of the Tamil Nadu Civil Courts (Amendment) Act, 2003, lie to the District Court.

The appellant then requested the court to exercise its power under Section 24(1)(a) of the Code of Civil Procedure to transfer the appeal to the appropriate court, namely the Principal District Court, Tiruppur.

Indian Evidence Act, 1872 – Section 68; Indian Succession Act, 1925 – Section 63(c) – This Second Appeal challenges the reversal of a trial court’s decision regarding a partition suit. The plaintiff, daughter of the deceased Papathi, claimed a share in the property through intestate succession. The defendant, Papathi’s son, contested this claim based on an unregistered Will purportedly executed by Papathi in his favor.

The trial court initially upheld the Will’s validity and dismissed the suit.

Indian Easements Act, 1882 – Section 15 – This case concerns a Second Appeal filed by the plaintiff, who sought a declaration of easementary right over a cart track and a permanent injunction against the defendants from interfering with his right of user. The plaintiff based his claim on easement by prescription, grant, and necessity. He argued that a sale deed (Ex.A1) conferred the right to use the cart track.

The defendants denied the plaintiff’s claim, asserting ownership of the cart track and contending that the plaintiff had an alternative pathway.

Transfer of Property Act, 1882 – Section 105 & 106; Tamil Nadu Buildings (Lease and Rent Control) Act, 1960 – This case involves a Second Appeal against the reversal of a trial court’s decision regarding the eviction of a tenant from a property in Namakkal Town. The plaintiff association, owner of the property, had leased it to the defendant’s father, and after his death, the defendant continued as a tenant. The plaintiff sought eviction based on termination of tenancy and unauthorized alterations. The defendant denied the allegations, claiming the alterations were repairs done with consent.

Specific Relief Act, 1963 – Section 19(b) and Section 16(c) – This case involves a dispute over the specific performance of an Agreement to Sell (ATS) for agricultural land in Karnataka. The original vendors had executed an ATS in favor of the original vendees in 2000, but later, in 2007, sold the land to subsequent purchasers. The original vendees filed a suit seeking specific performance of the ATS, which was initially dismissed by the Trial Court but later decreed by the High Court in favor of the original vendees, which lead to these appeals before the Supreme Court.

The key issues before the Supreme Court were:

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Commercial Courts Act, 2015 (CCA, 2015) – Section 13(1A) and Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (CPC) – Order VII Rule 11 and Section 2(2) – This appeal challenges the Bombay High Court’s decision dismissing the appellant’s appeal as non-maintainable under Section 13(1A) of the Commercial Courts Act, 2015. The appellant-company had filed a commercial suit for recovery, which was rejected by the trial court under Order VII Rule 11 of the CPC due to non-compliance with mandatory Pre-Institution Mediation and Settlement (PIMS) under Section 12A of the CCA, 2015.

The High Court held that an order rejecting a plaint is not appealable under Section 13(1A) of the CCA, 2015, as it doesn’t fall under Order XLIII of the CPC. The Supreme Court examined whether an order rejecting a plaint under Order VII Rule 11 CPC is appealable under Section 13(1A) of the CCA, 2015.

Indian Penal Code, 1860 (IPC) – Sections 302, 504, and 304 – This case involves an appeal against a High Court judgment that upheld the conviction of the appellant for offences under Sections 302 (murder) and 504 (intentional insult with intent to provoke breach of the peace) of the Indian Penal Code (IPC).

The prosecution’s case was that the appellant stabbed the deceased, Louis Williams, after an altercation. The deceased was admitted to the hospital and died thirteen days later due to septicemia. The trial court convicted the appellant under Sections 302 and 504 of the IPC, a decision upheld by the High Court.

Indian Evidence Act, 1872 – Section 112; Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 – Sections 53 & 53A; Indian Penal Code, 1860 – Sections 417 & 420; Tamil Nadu Women Harassment Act – Section 4(1) – This case involves an appeal against a High Court judgment that directed the appellant to undergo DNA testing based on a complaint filed by Respondent No. 1, alleging offences under Sections 417 and 420 of the Indian Penal Code, 1860 and Section 4(1) of the Tamil Nadu Women Harassment Act. The respondent claimed that the appellant had physical relations with her while she was married, resulting in the birth of a child. The primary issue was whether the High Court was justified in directing the appellant to undergo DNA testing to determine the child’s paternity.

Motor Vehicle Act, 1988 – Section 166 – This appeal sought an enhancement of compensation awarded for a motor accident injury. The appellant, a minor at the time of the accident, sustained a 77.1% permanent disability due to injuries from a collision between an auto-rickshaw and a lorry in 2002. The Motor Accident Claims Tribunal initially awarded Rs. 1,73,000 with 7% interest, which the High Court enhanced to Rs.

Appointment Rights For Reserved Catagory –  This case involves a dispute over the appointment of the respondent, who was placed in the Reserved Panel (waitlist) for the post of Technician at All India Radio in 1997 under the Scheduled Castes (SC) category. The appellants, Union of India and All India Radio, challenged the Calcutta High Court’s direction to absorb the respondent, arguing that it violates Recruitment Rules and extends the rights of a candidate on a waitlist beyond its validity.

The respondent’s initial plea before the Central Administrative Tribunal (CAT) was partly based on an assurance made by the appellants in 1999 that his case would be considered for future SC vacancies. While the CAT initially directed the appellants to consider the respondent, subsequent actions and orders led to further litigation.